• Skip to primary navigation
  • Skip to main content
  • Skip to primary sidebar
  • Skip to secondary sidebar
  • Skip to footer
  • NEWS:
  • SatNews
  • SatMagazine
  • MilSatMagazine
  • SmallSat News
  • |     EVENTS:
  • SmallSat Symposium
  • Satellite Innovation
  • MilSat Symposium
  • SmallSat Europe

SatNews

Satellite Industry Intelligence Since 1983

Subscribe
  • LATEST
  • SatNews Events
  • Magazines
  • Calendar
  • Subscribe
  • Missions & Constellations
    • Exploration & Science Missions
    • In-Orbit Servicing & Orbital Operations
    • LEO Constellations
    • Mission Autonomy & Onboard Systems
    • Mission Deployments & Manifests
    • Navigation & PNT
    • SmallSat
    • Spacecraft & Payload Technology
    View All in Missions & Constellations →
    China Accelerates Orbital Internet Deployment with Successful Smart Dragon-3 Sea LaunchChina Accelerates Orbital Internet Deployment with Successful Smart Dragon-3 Sea Launch
    Smallsats Dominate 2025 Launch Landscape as Mass Efficiency PeaksSmallsats Dominate 2025 Launch Landscape as Mass Efficiency Peaks
    MIT STAR Lab Expands Scope from Lasercom Innovation to Space Policy ArchitectureMIT STAR Lab Expands Scope from Lasercom Innovation to Space Policy Architecture
    Northrop Grumman Contracted for Hungary’s HUGEO Sovereign Communications SatelliteNorthrop Grumman Contracted for Hungary’s HUGEO Sovereign Communications Satellite
  • Business
    • Contracts & Commercial Deals
    • Earnings & Financial Reporting
    • Events & Conferences
    • Funding & Venture Capital
    • Market Forecasts
    • Mergers & Acquisitions
    • Personnel Moves & Appointments
    View All in Business & Finance →
    “SpaceX and the biggest IPO in history”“SpaceX and the biggest IPO in history”
    SmallSat Europe Speaker Focus: Chiara Manfletti, NeuraspaceSmallSat Europe Speaker Focus: Chiara Manfletti, Neuraspace
    SmallSat Europe Speaker Focus: Daniel Bock, Morpheus SpaceSmallSat Europe Speaker Focus: Daniel Bock, Morpheus Space
    Lockheed Martin Outlines Strategic Space Technology Roadmap for 2026Lockheed Martin Outlines Strategic Space Technology Roadmap for 2026
  • Defense
    • Counterspace & ASAT
    • Defense Budgets & Procurement
    • ISR & Reconnaissance
    • MILSATCOM
    • Missile Warning & Defense
    • National Security Programs
    • Space Domain Awareness
    View All in Military & Defense →
    NRL to Showcase Sovereign Space Capabilities at 41st Space SymposiumNRL to Showcase Sovereign Space Capabilities at 41st Space Symposium
    Northrop Grumman Minotaur IV Lofted USSF Tech Demonstration Payloads to OrbitNorthrop Grumman Minotaur IV Lofted USSF Tech Demonstration Payloads to Orbit
    The End of the VSAT Parts BinThe End of the VSAT Parts Bin
    Procurement Lag vs. Conflict Speed: Can Defense Buying Cycles Keep Up with Space Innovation?Procurement Lag vs. Conflict Speed: Can Defense Buying Cycles Keep Up with Space Innovation?
  • Gov
    • Export Controls & Compliance
    • International Space Agreements
    • National Space Policy
    • Space Law & Treaties
    • Space Sustainability & Debris Policy
    • Space Traffic Management / Debris Removal
    View All in Government & Regulation →
    FCC Modernizes Satellite Spectrum Rules to Unleash Next-Generation BroadbandFCC Modernizes Satellite Spectrum Rules to Unleash Next-Generation Broadband
    SmallSat Europe Speaker Focus: Dr. Ane Aanesland, ThrustMeSmallSat Europe Speaker Focus: Dr. Ane Aanesland, ThrustMe
    Isaacman’s Budget Math: How NASA Plans to Reach the Moon With a Quarter Less MoneyIsaacman’s Budget Math: How NASA Plans to Reach the Moon With a Quarter Less Money
    FCC Seeks Comment on Expanding Spectrum Access for “Weird Space Stuff”FCC Seeks Comment on Expanding Spectrum Access for “Weird Space Stuff”
  • Launch
    • Launch Providers
    • Launch Schedule & Calendars
    • Launch Sites & Infrastructure
    • Rocket Technology & Vehicles
    View All in Launch →
    What the SpaceX IPO Changes for Every Satellite OperatorWhat the SpaceX IPO Changes for Every Satellite Operator
    €30 million Financing for PLD Space’s Small Satellite Launcher€30 million Financing for PLD Space’s Small Satellite Launcher
    Satellite Deployers to be Used on JAXA Small Satellite Mission by ExolaunchSatellite Deployers to be Used on JAXA Small Satellite Mission by Exolaunch
    CAS Space Successfully Launches Kinetica-2, Aiming for Global Cost LeadershipCAS Space Successfully Launches Kinetica-2, Aiming for Global Cost Leadership
  • Software
    • Autonomous Ground Operations
    • Data Processing & AI/ML
    • Digital Twins & Modeling
    • Ground Segment & Teleports
    • Mission Planning & Simulation
    • Space Systems Software Engineering
    • Spectrum & Licensing
    View All in Software Automation & Ground Systems →
    Archangel Lightworks Secures £10M Series A to Scale Optical Ground InfrastructureArchangel Lightworks Secures £10M Series A to Scale Optical Ground Infrastructure
    Keysight and Sateliot Win ESA and GSMA Foundry Challenge for 6G InnovationKeysight and Sateliot Win ESA and GSMA Foundry Challenge for 6G Innovation
    Automation and Agility: How SSC Space Go is Designed for the New Age of GroundAutomation and Agility: How SSC Space Go is Designed for the New Age of Ground
    Intellian Unveils Future Military and Aerospace Antenna Technologies at Satellite 2026Intellian Unveils Future Military and Aerospace Antenna Technologies at Satellite 2026
  • Services & Apps
    • Climate & Environmental Monitoring
    • Disaster Response & Security Mapping
    • Earth Observation & Imaging
    • Maritime & Aviation Satcom
    • Satellite Communications
    View All in Services & Applications →
    Kraken Robotics Integrates KATFISH Sonar on SEFINE RD-22 USV Following Multi-Naval DemonstrationsKraken Robotics Integrates KATFISH Sonar on SEFINE RD-22 USV Following Multi-Naval Demonstrations
    Astroscale Plans World-First Multi-Orbit Satellite Inspection MissionAstroscale Plans World-First Multi-Orbit Satellite Inspection Mission
    The Downlink Deficit: The Pentagon’s Optical Mesh Network and the Terrestrial BottleneckThe Downlink Deficit: The Pentagon’s Optical Mesh Network and the Terrestrial Bottleneck
    Cinemo Reimagines the Vehicle as a Software-Defined Entertainment HubCinemo Reimagines the Vehicle as a Software-Defined Entertainment Hub

WRC Brave Cold To Sign Final Acts (International Treaty)

February 20, 2012

[SatNews] They came to the conference, braving extreme cold, that lasted for one month to sort things out and that’s just what happened…

The World Radiocommunication Conference 2012 (WRC-12) iconcluded its deliberations today with the signing of the Final Acts that revise the Radio Regulations, the international treaty governing the use of radio-frequency spectrum and satellite orbits.

Over 3000 participants, representing 165 out of ITU’s 193 Member States attended the four-week Conference, braving the extreme winter conditions prevailing in Geneva. Over 100 Observers from among ITU’s 700 private sector members along with international organizations also attended WRC-12.

The Conference was steered under the Chairmanship of Mr Tariq Al Awadhi of the United Arab Emirates, along with six Vice-Chairmen: Mr Decker Anstrom (United States), Mr Eric Fournier (France), Mr Albert Nalbandian (Armenia), Mr Mahiddine Ouhadj (Algeria), Mr Habeeb Al-Shankiti (Saudi Arabia) and Mr Alan Jamieson (New Zealand).


ITU Secretary-Generalé Dr. Hamadoun Touré

ITU Conference forges global consensus WRC-12 Chairman Tariq Al Awadhi said, “The Conference set out to tackle very complex issues related to radiocommunications and I am delighted that after four weeks of sometimes difficult negotiations we have arrived at consensus that will shape the way we communicate in the future.” ITU Secretary-Generalé expressed satisfaction at the outcome of the Conference. “WRC-12 has helped define new and better ways to regulate radio services and applications, and represents a major contribution in making the world a better place for all,” Dr Touré said. “The work done here will make the world a better place to communicate – and that will make the world a better place to live in.” He highlighted the achievements of WRC-12 in allocating spectrum resources for mobile broadband and for addressing the digital dividend issue which “now provides for a great deal of global harmonization of the use of the 700 MHz band for all regions by the services which most need it”. He also commended the delegates on the attention given to Earth observation radiocommunication applications, which are crucial for monitoring and combating climate change and for disaster prediction.


François Rancy, Director of ITU’s Radiocommunication Bureau

“Over the last four weeks, delegates from around the world have strived towards paving the way for the future of wireless communications,” François Rancy, Director of ITU’s Radiocommunication Bureau said. “By carefully reviewing and revising the Radio Regulations, we have now firmly established the foundations for radiocommunication technologies to serve the interests of users worldwide.”

Mr Rancy added that the Conference was a resounding success, having achieved consensus on all technical matters as well as on other, more difficult issues. Emerging from an overnight debate to finalize all technical and regulatory decisions, WRC-12 also adopted a Resolution for cooperation and assistance to the Palestine Authority to foster the development and technical operations of its radiocommunication systems, WRC-12 addressed some 30 agenda items related to frequency allocation and frequency sharing for the efficient use of spectrum and orbital resources, thus ensuring high quality radiocommunication services for mobile and satellite communications, maritime and aeronautical transport as well as for scientific purposes related to the environment, meteorology and climatology, disaster prediction, mitigation and relief.


WRC-12 Signing Ceremony of the Final Act at CICG, Geneva, Switzerland. Mr Jamieson, WRC-12 Vice-Chairman; Mr Anstrom, WRC-12 Vice-Chairman; Mr Al-Shankiti, WRC-12 Vice-Chairman; Mr Ouhadj, WRC-12 Vice-Chairman; Mr Fournier, WRC-12 Vice-Chairman; Mr Nalbandian,WRC-12 Vice-Chairman; Mr Houlin Zhao, DSG ITU; Dr Hamadoun Touré, Secretary General ITU; Mr François Rancy, Director BR, ITU; Mr. Tariq Al Awadi, WRC-12 Chairman; Mr Fabio Leite, WRC-12 Plenary Secretary; Mr Malcolm Johnson, TSB Director, ITU; Mr Brahima Sanou, BTD Director, ITU.

Key WRC-12 highlights:

Spectrum for International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT)

In addition to the use of the 790-862 MHz in Regions 1 and 3, WRC-12 considered further spectrum allocations to the mobile service, including International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) to facilitate the development of terrestrial mobile broadband applications in the frequency band 694 – 790 MHz. This issue has been placed on the WRC-15 Agenda together with the need to consider additional spectrum allocations for the mobile service.

Increase efficiency in the use of the spectrum/orbit resource

In addition to the clarification of the notion of bringing into use of satellite network frequency assignments (satellite deployed and maintained at the notified orbital position for a continuous period of ninety days), WRC-12 also mandated the ITU Radiocommunication Bureau to initiate enquiries to administrations to provide information on the movement of satellites. Improved due diligence information, including more detail information on the identity of the spacecraft used for the operation of the frequency assignments was also agreed to foster the long term access and development of the Broadcasting Satellite Service (BSS) in the 21-4-22 GHz band in Regions 1 and 3.  WRC-12 improved the satellite coordination by reducing the coordination arc in parts of the most congested spectrum and agreed to look into the possibility of  further reductions.

Early warning, disaster mitigation and relief operations

With reference to emergency telecommunications, WRC-12 addressed the application of new technologies, such as IMT and intelligent transport systems (ITS) to support or supplement advanced public protection and disaster relief applications.

WRC-12 instructed ITU-R to continue studying aspects of radiocommunications and ICT that are relevant to early warning, disaster mitigation and relief operations and encouraged administrations to consider using identified frequency bands when undertaking their national planning for the purposes of achieving regionally harmonized frequency bands or ranges for advanced public protection and disaster relief solutions.

Earth observation’s societal and economic value recognized WRC-12 focused on “The importance of Earth observation radiocommunication applications” in collecting and exchanging Earth observation data to maintain and improve the accuracy of weather forecasts, which contribute to the protection of life and preservation of property around the world. The Conference reaffirmed that Earth observation applications have considerable societal and economic value and urged administrations to protect the Earth observation systems in the related frequency bands.

Meteorological-satellite service gets more bandwidth Non-geostationary satellites are an important part of the space-based Global Observing System and WRC-12 allocated additional spectrum to the meteorological-satellite service. 

Satellite remote passive sensing

WRC-12 updated spectrum use aimed at the future of Earth observation applications with the development of passive sensors flying on meteorological and environmental satellites to monitor water vapour and oxygen spectral lines, which are needed for ice cloud and precipitation measurements and for storm monitoring and climate studies.

Oceanographic radars get support

WRC-12 adopted the relevant protection levels for interference caused by oceanographic radars. These radars operate using ground-waves that propagate over the sea to measure coastal sea surface conditions in support of environmental, oceanographic, meteorological, climatological, maritime and disaster mitigation operations and for the surveillance of coastal pollution, fisheries management, search and rescue, beach erosion, and maritime navigation. 

Maritime services

Maritime communication requirements to support safety systems for ships and ports

WRC-12 addressed maritime communication requirements to support safety systems for ships and port operations. The conference included new provisions in the Radio Regulations to improve satellite detection of automatic information systems using VHF channels.

Transmitting frequencies in the VHF maritime mobile band

The conference also considered the use of new technologies in the maritime service needed to the “Table of transmitting frequencies in the VHF maritime mobile band”, which defines the channel numbering for maritime VHF communications based on 25 kHz channel spacing as well as where digital technologies could be deployed.

Aeronautical services WRC-12 decided that necessary spectrum would be available for the introduction of applications and concepts in air traffic management that can support data links carrying safety-critical aviation information. These systems will enhance aeronautical communications capability and – in conjunction with more precise navigational capabilities – allow flight routing to be more efficient, resulting in fewer delays, shorter flight times on average, lower fuel costs and reduced CO² emissions. ITU-R will continue to study any compatibility issues between the broadcasting service and aeronautical mobile (route) service in the band 108–117.975 MHz that may arise from the introduction of digital sound broadcasting systems.

Aviation safety

The growth in the aviation industry calls for expanded capacity of mobile communication links that can operate over the horizon. WRC-12 decided that notifying administrations of mobile-satellite service networks shall accommodate the spectrum needed for distress, urgency and safety communications of the global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS) and for the aeronautical mobile-satellite (route) service communications.

Aeronautical mobile (route) service

Aeronautical mobile (route) service systems are critical for various air traffic and flight safety communications.

Some of the communication systems, such as traffic information, automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast, and flight information provide easily accessible air traffic information to multiple air traffic managers at the same time, allowing for more efficient use of airspace. The allocation of the frequency band 960−1164 MHz to the aeronautical mobile (route) service is intended to support the introduction of applications and concepts in air traffic management which are data intensive and which could support data links that carry safety critical aeronautical data.

Aeronautical mobile to protect other primary services in 37−38 GHz band

A number of countries are deploying space research service earth station receivers in the band 37−38 GHz to support manned near-Earth missions and deep-space missions. WRC-12 decided to exclude the aeronautical component of this mobile service allocation to ensure proper protection of existing and planned space research and mobile services.

Aerospace surveillance

WRC-12 addressed the lack of spectrum available for aerospace surveillance and tracking the launch and manoeuvring of spacecraft and provided an additional allocation in the frequency band 154−156 MHz to the radiolocation service in some countries.

For full text see.

Follow ITU activities on:

YouTube: High-res broadcast quality video available on demand

Twitter:

Flickr:

 

Filed Under: Space Law & Treaties

Primary Sidebar

Coverage

  • Missions & Constellations
  • Business & Finance
  • Military & Defense
  • Launch
  • Software Automation & Ground Systems
  • Government & Regulation
  • Services & Applications

Most Read Stories

  • L3Harris Unveils XL-300P: The First P25 Handheld with 5G and Satellite Direct-to-Device Connectivity
  • SpaceX Loses Contact With Starlink Satellite
  • Rheinmetall Walked Away. Germany Should Take the Hint.
  • Rocket Lab Emerging as Potential Bus Provider for 2,800-Satellite Equatys Constellation
  • SpaceX Accelerates Record-Breaking IPO Following Trillion-Dollar xAI Merger

Secondary Sidebar

Footer

 

Satnews is a leading provider of satellite news, events, publications, research and other satellite industry information in both commercial and military enterprises worldwide.

Stories By Category

  • Business & Finance
  • Government & Regulation
  • Launch
  • Military & Defense
  • Missions & Constellations
  • Services & Applications
  • Software Automation & Ground Systems
  • Spectrum & Licensing
  • Startups & NewSpace Business

About Us

  • Leadership & Editorial Team
  • SatNews History
  • Free Satnews Subscription
  • SatNews Events
  • Magazines

Navigation

  • Latest Stories
  • Magazines
  • Events
  • Contact
  • Cookie & Privacy Policy for Satnews

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.
x
Sign up Now (For Free)
Access daily or weekly satellite news updates covering all aspects of the commercial and military satellite industry.
Invalid email address
Notify Me Regarding ( At least one ):
We value your privacy and will not sell or share your email or other information with any other company. You may also unsubscribe at anytime.

Click Here to see our full privacy policy.
Thanks for subscribing!